Random biology final

Welcome to your Random biology final

155. Cellular respiration occurs in

(D) mitochondria

(A) ribosome

(C) rough endoplasmic reticulum

(B) nucleus

283. Blood does all of the following, except:

(C) Transport endocrine hormones

(B) Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

(D) Produce stem cells

(A) Destroy invading pathogens

175. Chromosomal complement of a normal mature human oocyte is

(B) 44 autosomes + X

(C) 23 autosomes + X

(A) 44 autosomes + XX

(D) 23 autosomes + XX

253. Which of the following structures is/are involved in gas exchange in a developing fetus?

(B) lungs

(C) placenta

(D) tracheal system

(A) alyoli

232. The following body functions are regulated by glands in the endocrine system, except:

(B) Sexual development and function

(A) Urine production

(C) Metabolism and growth

(D) Immune responses

167. DNA replication occurs in which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

(A) M phase

(B) S phase

(D) prophase

(C) Go phase

195. Which is not correct? The cell cycle:

(B) Is the same for all the animal cells

(A) Is called the sequence of cell groth

(D) Some specialized in a certain function cells do not devide

(C) Coincides with the division cycle when the cell, once formed, goes through preparation for new division

272. Which of the following enzymes act as oral cavity?

1. pepsin 2. trypsin 3. amylase 4. maltase

(D) 3 and 4

(C) 2 and 4

(A) 1 and 2

(B) 2 and 3

158. The following diagram illustrates a change in a chromosome. It is an example for

(A) chromosomal deletion

(B) chromosomal inversion

(D) genomic mutation

(C) gene mutation

166. During meiosis, pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs, which permits large segments of DNA to be exchanged. What is this process called?

(B) nondisjunction

(C) crossing over 7. DNA replication occurs in which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

(D) disjunction

(A) synapsis

260. During the process of translation, the information in:

(D) DNA is converted into RNA information

(B) mRNA is converted iito protein information

(C) proteins are converted into mRNA information

(A) RNA is converted into DNA information

139. Skin color inheritance in man is an example of

(D) epistasis

(B) monogenic inheritance

(A) pleiotropy

(C) polygenic inheritance

176. Which organ in adult human originates from embryonic ectoderm?

(D) brain

(C) bone marrow

(B) heart

(A) muscles

163. Phenotype

(C) is a result of gene expression and influence of the environment

(B) determines the genotype

(D) is the set of 46 chromosomes in human

(A) is represented by two alleles

213. Glucoeorticoids are produced by the:

(C) adrenal cortex

(B) pituitary

(A) thyroid

(D) pancreas

275. A human cell that contains 22 autosomes and a X chromosome must be:

(1) a somatic cell of a female
(2) a somatic cell of a male
(3) a sperm cell
(4) an egg cell

(A) 1 and 2

(C) 2 and 4

(B) 1 and 4

(D) 3 and 4

209. As a result of meiosis the danghter cells (sperms of egs) carry:

(C) diploid chromosome number (2n)

(B) tetraploid chromosome number (4n)

(D) monosomic chromosome number (n-1)

(A) haploid chromosome number (n)

268. A cell cycle consists of:

(D) mitosis and meiosis

(A) interphase and mitosis

(C) prophase, metaphse, anaphase, and telophase

(B) G1, the S phase, and G2

250. The diagram below is the human heart. The chamber labelled 3 is:

(A) left artium

(B) right artium

(D) right ventricle

(C) left ventricle

278. The smooth muscle of digestive track pusches food forward in contractile waves called:

(A) Churning

(B) Peristaisis

(C) Deglutition

(D) Tenesmus

243. All of the following statements are false EXCEPT:

(C) RNA is composed from: ribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

(B) RNA is composed from: ribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

(A) DNA is composed from: ribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

(D) DNA is composed from: ribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

199. Pancreatic islets consists of alpha, beta, and delta cells, which secrete glucagon, insulin, and somiatosiatin, respectively. These cells are derived from:

(C) ectoderm

(A) mesoderm

(B) endoderm

(D) neuroectoderm

282. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

(C) The kidneys produce renin which is involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure

(A) The kidneys produce erythropoietin which stimulates the generation of red blood cells

(B) The kidneys produce calcitonin and regulate the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body

(D) The kidneys produce vitamine D3 and regulate the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body

205. Translation is a process of the biosynthesis of:

(D) nucleic acids

(C) proteins

(A) DNA

(B) RNA

261. Some viruses are surounded by a membranous envelope which originates from the:

(C) synthesis of proteins and lipids inside the virus

(D) plasma membrane of the host cell

(A) synthesis of lipids in the virus ans proteins in the host cell

(B) synthesis of proteins in the virus and lipids in the host cell

229. All of the following proceses occur in the eukaryotic cell nucleus except:

(C) DNA replication

(D) capping of messenger RNA (mRNA)

(B) translation

(A) transcription

184. A child is born with Down syndrom and an extra chromosome 21 is found in each of its cells. This condition is usually the result of

(C) Deletion

(B) Nondisjunction

(D) Crossing-over

(A) Hybridization

238: All of the following statemnts are false Except:

(D) DNA is composed from: deoxyribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, quanine, cytosine, uracil

(B) RNA is composed from: deoxyribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

(A) DNA is composed from: phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

(C) RNA is composed from: deoxyribose, phosphate group, four nitrogen bases: adenine, quanine, cytosine, uracil

280. The metabolism and growth are overseen by:

(D) Thyroid gland

(C) Adrenals

(B) Thymus

(A) Parathyroid gland

214. Synapsis occurs during:

(B) anaphase I of meiosis

(A) telophase I of meiosis

(D) anaphase of mitosis

(C) prophase I of meiosis

203. The codon:

(C) is a regulative element

(B) is a triplet located within a molecular of mRNA

(D) is incorporated in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

(A) is a tripolet located within a molecular of tRNA

242. What are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA called?

(C) Codons

(B) Exons

(A) Introns

(D) Replicons

264. Which of the statement is true to the following diagram of the plasma membrane?

(C) Part (3) plays a critical role in the cell recognition.

(B) Part (2) illustrates globular proteins.

(A) The plasma membrane is composed of lipids (1) and proteins (2)

(D) Part (3) shows the bilayer of phospholipids.

273. Which of the following is a function of the human kidney?

(1) production of blood cells (2) Excretion of glucose
(3) Excretion of toxins (4) Regulation of sodium in the blood

(C) 2 and 4

(A) 1 and 2

(B) 2 and 3

(D) 3 and 4

147. Which one best describes pancreas:

Correct answers to this question could be A and C

(C) a gland that secretes digestive juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food

(D) a section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body

(A) an organ that completes the chemical digestion of food and absorbs nutrients

(B) an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal that contributes in digestion

173. The following diagram illustrates a change in a chromosome. It is an example for

(A) inversion

(C) trisomy

(B) duplication

(D) monosomy

137. A pair of homologous chromosomes is presented in the figure. During meiosis crossing over occurs and random segregation takes place. What genotypes are produced?

(D) ABG, aBg, Abg, abg

(B) ABG, ABg, abG, abg

A) ABG, ABG, abg, abg

(C) ABG, Abg, aBG, abg

145. Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus. Where is it store?

(D) adrenal cortex

(C) pancreas

(A) pineal gland

(B) posterior pituitary

188. What is the purpose of the trachea's cartilagenous rings?

(D) A and C

(B) Push air along the length of the trached by peristalsis

(A) Support the trachea and keep it from collapsing or over expandinhg

(C) Give the trachea flexibility to allow passage food through the esophagus

180. An individual with two identical alleles of a certain gene is

(D) heterohomologous

(A) homozygous

(C) homologous

(B) heterozygous

183. Down syndrom results from

(A) the absence of a chromosome in position 21

(B) the presence of an extra chromosome in position 21

(C) the absence of both chromosomes in position 21

(D) crossing-over of the chromosomes in position 21

162. During which phase of mitosis chromosomes become visible?

(C) telophase

(A) interphase

(D) prophase

(B) metaphase

189. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA which are't passed to offsprings occur in

(B) Non-sexual cells

(A) Eggs and sperm cells

(C) Diploid and haploit cells

(D) All of the above

249. Hypothalamus controls:

(1) body temperature (2) heart rate
(3) sleep (4) muscle action

(B) 1 and 3

(A) 1 and 2

(C) 2 and 4

(D) 3 and 4

161. Enzymes are

(B) carbohydrates (

(A) proteins

(D) inorganic compounds

(C) carbohydrates and proteins

265. During the process of transcription, the information in:

(A) DNA is converted into RNA information.

((C) protein is converted into RNA information.

(D) RNA is converted into protein information.

(B) RNA is converted into DNA information.

146. In the pulmonary circuit, the (1) half of the heart pumps (2) blood to the alveoli of the lungs, and then (3) blood flows back to the heart.

(A) 1-left; 2-deoxygenated; 3-oxygenated

(B) 1-left; 2-oxygenated; 3-deoxygenated

(C) 1-right; 2-deoxygenated; 3-oxygenated

(D) 1-right; 2-oxygenated; 3-deoxygenated

192. In spermatogenesis the phase of maturation involves:

(D) None of the above

(B) Formation of germ through meiosis

(A) Division of germ cells through mitosis

(C) Formation of sperm calles through meiosis

215. Monosomy is:

(A) Down syndrom

(C) if 1 chromosome from the diploid set is lost

(D) if 1 chromosome from the diploid set is added

(B) chromosomal mutation

270. In the cross AaBb x AaBb, what is the probability of producing the genotype aabb?

(A) 1/2

(C) 1/8

(B) 1/4

(D) 1/16

142. The cardiovascular system is derived from

(C) ectoderm

(A) mesoderm

(D) neuroectoderm

(B) endoderm

234. Which of the following about plasma membrane is not true?

(A) it is made of lipid molecules

(C) it contains proteins

(B) it protects the cell's cytoplasm

(D) it contains most of a cell's DNA

279. Water is conserved through the process of:

(A) Secretion

(B) Filtration

(C) Micturition

(D) Reabsorption

160. Primary protein structur

(D) can be a spiral or beta shee

(B) is determined by the folding of the polypeptide chain in the space t

(C) is determined by the number, type and arrangement of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

(A) is determined by the type of amino acid residues in the polypeptide chain

171. In the DNA molecule

(B) the total amount of purine nucleotides and pyrimidine nucleotides is not always equal

(D) the proportion of cytosine in relation to guanine varies with the organism

(C) there are two strands that run antiparallel to each other

(A) there are two strands that run parallel in 5’3’ direction

258. Which of the following contains regulatory centers of the respiratory circulatory systems?

(B) thalamus

(C) medulla oblongata

(D) hypothalamus

(A) cetebellum

178. Mitochondria

(B) are small oval two membrane bodies that participate in protein synthesis

(D) are small particles composed of rRNA and proteins that provide cell with energy

(A) are small oval one membrane bodies that participate in protein synthesis

(C) are small oval two membrane bodies that provide cell with energy

245. Which of the following statements is not true

(C) When an egg and sperm fuse, the newly formed cell (zygote) has the full number of chromosomes and is haploid

(A) Gametes (sperms and eggs) are formed by meiosis

(D) As a result of meiosis, gametes receive only half the number of parental chromosomes

(B) When an egg and sperm fuse, the newly formed cell (zygote) has the full number of chromosomes and is deploid

251. The ability of the human body to regulate the level of blood glucose is an example of:

(D) aerobic circulation

(B) blood circulation

(C) osmosis

(A) homeostasis

197. In the kidney, the correct sequence of formation of urine involves the following processes:

(D) Reabsorption, tubular secretion, glomerular filtration

(B) Reabsorptionglomerular filtration, tabular secretion

(A) Glomerular filtration, reabsorption, tabular secretion

(C) Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, reabsorption

231. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

(A) The primary urine is produced by filtration in the glomeruli of the kidneys

(D) Urea, uric acid and creatinine are actively reabsorbed in the tubules of the kidney

(C) Kidneys possess endocrine function and produce several important hormones

(B) Urea, uric acid and creatinine are excreted through the urine formed in the kidneys

140. Blood type O

(A) contains antigens A and B on the erythrocytes (

(B) contains antibodies A and B on the erythrocytes

(C) contains no antigens of system AB0 on the erythrocytes

(D) contains no antibodies α and β in the serum

152. Regions of active gene transcription are found in:

(A) Lampbrush chromosomes

(D) polyribosomes

(B) heterochromatin regions

(C) Barr bodies

185. A nonsense mutation

(C) Results in the formation of one or more baes, leading to a shift in the reading frame

(B) Results in the deletion of one of more bases, leading for a shift in the reading frame

(A) Causes one animo acid to be substituted for another in a polypeptite chain

(D) Results in the formation of an abnormally short polypeptidechain because of premature stop-codon is introducerd

210. The mRNA codons are translated into an animo acid sequence by:

(B) rRNA

(C) enzymes

(D) DNA

(A) tRNA

231. A nephron is a tiny structure in the kidneys that:

(B) Stimulates the pituitary gland

(D) Moves urine

(C) Filters blood

(A) Produces urine

151. Translation undergoes the following stages

(A) initiation and termination of the polypeptide chain

(C) initiation and elongation of the polynucleotide chain

(B) initiation and elongation of the polypeptide chain

(D) initiation, elongation and termination of the polypeptide chain

226. The direction of transfer of genetic information in most living things is:

(D) protein _> tRNA -> DNA

(C) DNA -> tRNA -> protein

(A) protein ->DNA->mRNA

(B) DNA -> mRNA ->protein

254. Which of the following organs is located beneath the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity.

(A) appendix

(C) stomach

(D) liver

(B) kidney

235. A relationship between A and B alleles for the synthesis of antigens from ABO blood group is:

(C) Codominance

(A) Epistasis

(D) Incoplete dominance

(B) Pleiotropy

186. Postembrionic development consists of

(D) Of four stages of birt, of growth and development, af individual and of old age

(B) Three stages of growth and development of birth and of adult individual

(A) Three statges of growth and development, of adult individualand of old age

(C) Two stages of growth and development and of adult individual

241. Which blood types can be found in children whose both parents have O blood groups?

(C) AB

(A) A

(B) O

(D) B

201. All of the following actions occur in mitosis except:

(A) cytokinesis

(C) DNA replication

(B) DNA replication

(D) the nuclear memebrane and nucleus disapear

277. How is the air modified as it pases over the nasal mucosa?

(D) All of the above

(B) Bacteria are destroyed by antibiotics secreted by seromucous glands

(C) Air is warmed by capilaries

(A) Particles are fitened out by mucus and coarse hairs

297. Meiosis

(C) Does not consist of the four conventional phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

(A) Comprises two consecutive divisions leading to the reduction of the chromosome set to a haploid one

D) Is typical for the somatic cells

(B) Comprises two consecutive divisions leading to the reduction of the chromosome set to a diploid one

230. In the formation of the double spiral of DNA which bonds to which:

(B) adenine to uracil

(C) adenine to uanine

(D) adenine to cytosine

(A) adenine to thymine

246. The primary role of a lysosome is:

(C) Lipid transport

(A) ATP Synthesis

(B) Intracellular digestion

(D) Carbohydrate storage

181. Nondisjunction during the second meiotic division will result in which of the following gametes?

(B) all trisomic gametes

(C) all haploid gametes

(D) two haploid gametes, one diploid gamete, and one missing a copy of one of the chromosomes

(A) all monosomic gametes

266. Which of the following is an anticodon?

(D) A nucleotide triplet of an rRNA molecule.

(B) A 3-nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule.

(C) A specific part of the tRNA molecule.

(A) The part of a DNA molecule that codes for chain termination.

233. Substances that recognize the antigens on forein microbes and act as tags that identify the invaders are called:

(D) Interferons

(A) Hormones

(B) Antibodies

(C) Antibiotics

193. Which of the following is true?

(B) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which binds to oxygen

(C) Red blood cells transport oxygen

(A) Mature red blood cells do not contain a nucleus

(D) All of the above

157. Thirty percent (30%) of the nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule are adenine (A). What is the percentage of guanine (G) bases in this DNA molecule?

(C) 40%

(A) 20%

(B) 30%

(D) 70%

276. The alimentary canal consists of the:

(C) Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

(A) Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

(D) Pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small

(B) Stomach, small intestine, large intestine

255. In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in tiny one-celled air sacs called:

(A) bronchioles

(C) alveoli

(B) bronchi

(D) trachea

286. The function of mucus in intestinal juices is to:

(B) protect the intestinal lining

(A) Break down all components of chyme

(D) Disolve carbohydrates for absorption

(C) Emulsify fats

240. In the cell cycle, which phase follows the S phase, or DNA replication?

(D) Meiosis

(C) G2 phase, or protein synthesis

(B) Cytokenesis

(A) Mitosis

284. In gas exchange (External respiration):

(C) Oxygen and carbon dioxide is carried from alveoli into the broncioles

(D) Oxygen is chemically transformed into carbon dioxide within the alveoli

(B) Carbon dioxide diffuses from alveoli into capilaries, oxygen diffuses from capillaries into alveoli

(A) Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses from capilaries into alveoli

168. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

(C) it is the site of protein synthesis.

(A) it controls the cell’s activities and stores its DNA.

(B) it sorts and packages proteins made in the endoplasmic reticulum

(D) it synthesizes lipids and transports synthesized proteins.

248. Which of the following molecules contain animo acids?

(1) pepsin (2) vitamin D
(3) starch (4) antibodies

(C) 1 and 4

(B) 1 and 3

(D) 3 and 4

(A) 1 and 2

223. At what stage of cell division does synapsis occur?

(B) prophase of mitosis and meiosis

(A) anaphase of mitosis and meiosis

(D) prophase of the first meiotic division

(C) metaphase of mitosis and meiosis

296. Complete dominance is when:

(C) Characteristics are determined by the allelles of more than one gene

(A) Characteristics are determined by the alleles of a single gene

(D) Both the alleles of a gene express themeselves in the hetero

(B) One allele in a heterozygous genotype completely s the effect of the other

274. Which of the following organs is correctly paired with its function?

(1) Testes - produces testosterone, a male sex hormone
(2) prostate gland - produces progesterone, a male sex hormone
(3) seminal vesicles - maturation and storage of sperm
(4) Ovary - produces progesterone, a female sex hormone

(A) 1 ansd 2

(B) 1 and 4

(D) 3 and 4

(C) 2 and 4

191. Which of the following is the structural unit of the nervous system

(A) Axon

(C) Neuron

(D) Cyton

(B) Nephron

288. An individual who has two of the same allele is said to be:

(D) Diplozymous

(B) Homologous

(C) heterogymous

(A) Homozygous

217. Codons are:

(D) polypeptide triplets

(B) group of four nucleotides

(A) mucleotide triplets

(C) group of two nucleotides

263. Which of the following can be absorbed in the digestive track without any hydrolysis?

(A) glycogen

(D) glucose

(C) polypeptide

(B) surcrose

285. The cell membrane is build up of:

(A) Two layers of psospholipid molecules and regularly arranged

(C) Two layers of phospholipid molecules and irregularly arranged proteins

(B) Sigle layer of phospholipid molecules and irregularly arranged proteins

(D) Two layers of glycolipid molecules and irregularly arranged proteins

172. A child is born with Down syndrome and an extra chromosome 21 is found in each of its cells. This condition is usually the result of

(C) deletion

(B) nondisjunction

(A) hybridization

(D) crossing-over

219. The prostate gland plays a major role in the production of:

(B) testosterone

(C) urine

(A) seminal fluid

amniotic fluid

202. Cerlls that secrete product into the extracellular matrix, influencing other nearby cells without the product entering the circulation, are called

(A) exocrine cells

(D) neurocrine cells

(C) paracrine cells

(B) endocrine cells

293. Which of the following is correct with regard to aneuploidy?

(C) All aneuploid individuals die before birth

(A) Inversion

(B) 2n + 1

(D) 4n

239. A codon is:

(B) Group of three nucleodides in rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

(D) Group of four nucleotides in mRNA (messenger RNA)

(C) Group of three nucleotides in tRNA ( transfer RNA)

(A) Group of three nucleotides in mRNA (messanger RNA)

211. Both DNA and RNA

(A) are polymers of animo acids

(B) are single-stranded molecules

(C) contain the same four nucleotide bases

contain phosphsate groups

198. A radioactive marker was applied to the mesoderm of mammalism embiryo. Which tissues or organs would have this marker in the adult:

(A) Bones and muscles

(C) Spine and brain

(D) Skin and intestines

(B) Muscles and skin

143. Which one is NOT a long bone?

(B) femur

(C) sternum

(A) tibia

(D) radius

190. Which is not correct:

(B) An antigen is a molecule secreted by the lymphocytas against foreign antibodies

(A) an antigen is each foreign substance to an organism that provokes the formation of antibodies

(D) Antigents are called the microorganisms or molecules which are foreign to the body, and cause immune reactions

(C) Some antigens can be part of the host organism itself

141. Proteins

(B) are composed of amino acids bound together by peptide bonds

(C) are composed of amino acids bound together by phosphate bonds

(A) are composed of 40 different types of amino acids

(D) contain C, H, O, and N atoms

216. The xpression "Rh negative" refers to:

(B) rheumatic fever

(D) blood pressure

(A) a blood type

(C) lymph circulation

228. The nervous system is derived from:

(A) endoderm

(B) mesoderm

(C) ectoderm

(D) all of the above

224. In an emergency, a person with blood type AB could receive blood from persons with blood type:

(C) O

(A) A

(D) all of the above

(B) B

182. In Meiosis which of the following occurs?

(C) a diploit cell gives rise to two diploit cells

(B) a diploit cell gives rise to four haploit cells

(A) a haploit cell gives rise to two haploit cells

(D) haploit cell gives rise to four haploit cells

220. Which of the following hormones stimulates the maturation of reproductive structures in both male and female hummans?

(A) estrogen

(B) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

(C) progesterone

(D) testosterone

174. Which one is NOT a correct match

(C) trisomy of chromosome 21 – genome mutation

(A) deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5 – chromosomal mutation

(B) deletion of 16 bases in exon 2 of HBB gene (coding for human beta-globine) – genome mutation

(D) deletion of 16 bases in exon 2 of HBB gene (coding for human beta globine) – gene mutation

291. All of the following bones are cranial bones, except:

D) Temporal

A) Occipital

B) Maxilla

C) Sphenoid

294. Blood serum

(D) Consists of pure water

(C) Is a synonym of blood plasma

(A) Consists of the liquid portion of the blood

(B) Does not contain fibrinogen and other blood cloting substances

289. Postembrionic development consists of

(B) Three stages: of growth and development, of birth, andof adult individual

(C) Two stages: of growth and development and of adult individual

(D) Of four stages: of birth, of growth and development, of adult individual, and of old age

(A) Three stages: of growth and development, of adult individual, and of old age

256. Female hormones are produced by which of the following?

(B) uterus

(C) fallopian tube

(D) ovary

(A) vagina

149. Which organ or tissue is not an integral part of the immune system?

(C) spleen

(A) pancreas

(D) bone marrow

(B) thymus

206. The monomers of proteins are:

(C) nitrogen bases

(D) monosaccharides

(A) animo acds

(B) nucleotides

218. Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus. Where is it stored?

(D) adrenal cortex

(A) pineal gland

(C) pancreas

(B) posterior pituitary

295. A cell that is transformed by a virus

(C) Exhibits normal growth patterns

(B) Never produces progeny virus

D) Expresses one or more viral genes

(A) Is always malignant

271. Vitamins

(A) provide energy

(B) are necessary for growth and development

(D) are all synthesized in the body

(C) are needed in large amounts

208. A 28-year-old woman labor is rushed to the hospital by her husband. It is quickly detrermined, she has a 3-year-old child who is Rh positive, and the father is Rh positive. Which of the following agents will most likely protect the baby from developing the disease?

(C) a transfusion of platelets

(A) Rh-positive erythrocytes

(D) anti-Rh entibody (Rh immunoglobulin)

(B) albumin from Rh-positive donors

170. All of the following are true EXCEPT

(D) a recessive allele produces a recessive phenotype in individuals who have one copy of the allele

(C) a dominant allele produces a dominant phenotype in individuals who have two copies of the allele

(A) a dominant allele produces a dominant phenotype in individuals who have one copy of the allele

(B) a recessive allele produces a recessive phenotype in individuals who have two copies of the allele

144. Which one of the following statements concerning mammalian red blood cells is false?

(B) they lack a nucleus when mature

(A) they are spherical in shape

(C) they contain hemoglobin

(D) they are destroyed by the liver and spleen

159. Because the gene for hemophilia is located on the X-chromosome, it is normally impossible for a

(A) carrier mother to pass the gene to her son

(C) hemophiliac father to pass the gene to his daughter

(D) carrier mother to pass the gene to her daughter

(B) hemophiliac father to pass the gene on to his son

292. Essential elements of the living cells are:

(B) H, O, C,N, P and S

(C) Cu, Zn, Mo, Co, Mn, B, Se, F, I

(A) \[H_2O, CO_2, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids \]

(D) \[H, O, C, N, H_2O, CO_2\]

196. Each chromosome consists of two identical:

(B) Genes

(C) Chromatides

(D) Bases

(A) Nuclei

227. The ecosystem consists of:

(A) the combination of all living organisms in a certain area

(D) the abiotic components of the environment

(B) the dominating species in the community

(C) the community and the biotope

269. The primary role of a mitochondrion is:

(A) intracellular digestion

(C) lip[id transport

(B) ATP synthesis

(D) carbohydrate storage

164. As a result of silent mutation

(D) the DNA sequence is not changed

(A) the protein that is to be produced is not changed

(C) a stop codon appears

(B) a chromosome disappears

237. Which of the following store and transmit hereditary information?

(C) Proteins

(D) Nucleic acids

(A) Carbohydrates

(B) Lipids

179. Karyotype is

(D) the number and size of compact chromosomes in somatic cells of all the individuals in a species

(B) the same in all the living organisms

(A) the number, shape and size of compact chromosomes in somatic cells of all the individuals in a species

(C) normally is different in all the individuals in a species

222. Which of the following occurs in the first divisional sequence of meiosis

(A) diploid daughet cells are produced

(B) single-chromatides move to the poles

(D) homologous chromosomes synapse

(C) centromeres divide

232. The cells of the cardiac conduction system have the ability to create their ownaction potentials, this is known as:

(A) Spontaneity

(C) Mechanicity

(B) Reflexivity

(D) Automaticity

165. The nucleic acid which contains deoxyribose, phosphoric acid and nitrogen bases A, T and C is

(D) bacterial RNA

(C) viral RNA

(B) DNA

(A) RNA

153. To an ecologist, an “Interbreeding group of individuals that occupies a specific geographic area” is a (an)

(D) ecosystem

(C) gene pool

(A) population

(B) species

150. Which blood cells do not have a nucleus?

(B) T-Lymphocytes

(C) B-Lymphocytes

(A) platelets

(D) phagocytes

233. How is modified as it passes over the nasal mucosa?

(C) Air is warmed by capillaries

(B) Bacteria are destroyed by antibiotics secreted by seromucous glands

(D) All of the above

(A) Particles are filtered out of mucus and coarse hairs

154. When two kinds of organisms both use a resource that is in short supply, the usual end result is that

(C) one species will win out and eliminate the other

(B) both species survive as long as possible, and then die out

(A) both species modify their needs and use some substitute

(D) the amount of the resource expands to fill the need

194. The function of miosis in intestinal jusices is to:

(D) Dissolve carbohydrates for absorption

(C) Emulsify fats

(B) protect the intestinal lining

(A) Break down all components of chyme

169. Stages of meiotic prophase I occur in following order

(B) pachytene, Leptotene, Zygotene, Diplotene, Diakinesis

(D) leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis

(C) diplotene, Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diakinesis

(A) zygotene, Leptotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis

287. What is not correct? The cell cycle:

(C) Coincides with the division cycle when the cell, once formed, goes through preparation for new division

(D) Some specialized in a ceratin function calls do not divide

(B) Is the same for all the animal cells

(A) Is called the sequence of cell growth, preparation for division and the division to two daughter cells

225. Pleiotropism describes:

(C) a single trait being influenced by swvwral genes

(D) polygenic inheritance

(A) a singe genehaving multiople effects

(B) gene interaction of multiple alleles

257. Endocrine glands:

(A) secrete vitamins

(D) cease functioning after adolescence

(C) begin functionning in adolescence

(B) secrete their products into the blood

290. Why is surfactant in alveolar fluid important?

(B) It echanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

(A) It facilitates particle absorption

(C) It produces antibiotics that clean the alveolar surface

(D) It reduces surface tension so that alveoli can maintain their shape

187. Which of the following is not a flat bone?

(D) Vertebra

(B) Frontal bone

(A) Rib

(C) Scapula

267. Viruses can NOT infect:

(A) animals

(C) bacteria

(D) other viruses

(B) plants

200. The cardiovascular system is derived from:

(C) ectoderm

(D) neuroectoderm

(B) endoderm

(A) mesoderm

247. Ribosomes:

(A) are membrane -bound organelles

(C) participate in the symthesis of steroid hormones

(B) participate in protein synthesis

(D) are double-membrane-bound organelles

156. Which event occurs in meiosis but NOT in mitosis?

(C) chromosome movement to poles

(D) chromatid separation

(B) crossing over

(A) chromosome condensation

204. The codon:

(A) is a triplet located within a molecular DNA

(D) is a regukative element

(C) complementary connects to a part of tRNA

(B) is a triplet located within a molecular tRNA

212. Which one of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenate blood in mammals?

(D) coronary artery

(C) pulmonary vein

(B) pulmonary artery

(A) aoria

259. Which of the following statement best summarizes the structural differences between DNA and RNA?

(A) DNA is a protein whereas RNA is a nucleic acid.

(B) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar from RNA nucleotides

(C) RNA is a protein, whereas DNA is a nucleic acid

(D) DNA is converted into RNA information

281. What kind of cell work to consume bacteria and remove damaged tissue and debris?

(A) Neutrophils and macrophages

(B) Macrophages and mast cells

(C) Platelets and fibroblasts

(D) Mast cells and platelets

138. The mutation which will NOT affect the length of a protein

(B) frameshift mutation

(C) missense mutation

(D) all of these

(A) nonsense mutation

177. Population is

(B) a group of individuals of one species which inhabit part of the species area for a continuous period of time, interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring

(D) a group of individuals of different species which inhabit part of the species area for a short period of time, interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring

(C) a group of individuals of one species which inhabit part of the species area for a short period of time, interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring

(A) a group of individuals of different species which inhabit part of the species area for a continuous period of time, interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring

236. Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic cells?

(B) DNA-->RNA-->proteins

(C) RNA-->proteins-->DNA

(A) Proteins -->RNA-->DNA

(D) Proteins-->DNA-->RNA

207. A 28-year-old woman labor is rushed to the hospital by her husband. It is quickly detrermined, she has a 3-year-old child who is Rh positive, and the father is Rh positive. The infant is most likely at risk for developing of:

(C) ABO incompatibility

(D) Rh hemolytic desease of the newborn

(A) drug-induced hemolytic anemia

(B) an autoimmune desease

262. Various regions of the three embryonic germ layers in human embryo develop into organs and tissues in the adult. Which of the following is CORRECT?

(1) mesoderm - muscles and bones (2) ectoderm - eyes spinal cord
(3) endoderm - liver and ovary (4) mesoderm - brain and heart

(C) 2 and 4

(D) 3 and 4

(B) 2 and 3

(A) 1 and 2

221. The rate of the human heartbeat is controlled by which of the following?

(D) resting potentials

(B) autonomic nervous system

(A) peripheral nervous system

(C) synaptic vesicles

148. Identify urinary bladder in this diagram

(B) 2

(D) 4

(C) 3

(A) 1

252. The tissue that senses stimuli and transmits electrical signals to the brain and other parts of the body is known as:

(B) nervous tissue

(C) muscle tissue

(D) adipose tissue

(A) epithilial tissue

Random biology final

1. pepsin 2. trypsin 3. amylase 4. maltase

(1) a somatic cell of a female (2) a somatic cell of a male (3) a sperm cell (4) an egg cell

(1) a somatic cell of a female
(2) a somatic cell of a male
(3) a sperm cell
(4) an egg cell